Goals of CGI:
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Analyze story problems and number sentences to determine their mathematical demands and recognize student responses in terms of cognitive development.
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Assess students’ thinking and design problems that will develop students’ understanding of concepts and skills.
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Facilitate discussions that provide a window into children’s thinking, strengthen children’s ability to reason about arithmetic, and build their capacity for algebraic reasoning.
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Use open and true/false number sentences to develop students’ understanding of mathematical concepts and skills.
Cognitively Guided Instruction: Problem Types
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Cognitively Guided Instruction is an inquiry-based approach to teaching mathematics that was developed at the Wisconsin Center for Education Research (Carpenter et al, 1999). This knowledge enables teachers to plan mathematics instruction based on their students’ understanding and guide them toward greater mathematical reasoning and concept mastery.
The goal of using cognitively guided instruction is that young children become independent problem solvers who are able to approach and solve word problems without having to rely on having a teacher tell them how to do it. Studies have consistently demonstrated that Cognitively Guided Instruction (CGI) students show significant gains in problem solving. These gains reflect the emphasis on problem solving in CGI classes. Learning to understand the development of children’s mathematical thinking can lead to fundamental changes in teachers’ beliefs and practices.
Sources:
Fennema, E., Carpenter, T. P., Levi, L., Franke, M. L., & Empson, S. (1997). Cognitively guided instruction: Professional development in primary mathematics. Wisconsin, Madison:Wisconsin Center for Education Research.
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (2000). Curriculum and evaluation standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA: Author.
Thomas P. Carpenter, Elizabeth Fennema, Megan Loef Franke, Linda Levi, and Susan B. Empson Co Published with Heinemann
https://www.educateiowa.gov/pk-12/educator-quality/cognitively-guided-instruction-cgi
https://macmillanmh.com/FL/mathconnects_econsultant/assets/rscrharticles/cgi_classroom.pdf